参考2:NewsWeek の記事 法輪功系列の香港メディアに大紀元というのがあるが、そこが米誌「NewsWeek」の記事を抜粋して日本語化していたので、以下に示す。なお念のため、英語の原文も探し出してきたが、長大な英文は老人の力の及ぶところではない。よって関係のありそうなところを抜粋して記載する。暇な方は併せて読んでいただきたい。
香港大紀元新唐人共同ニュース≪中共:米国内部から転覆計画?中共600団体在米活動 【紀元ヘッドライン10.30】≫ 10月26日 米誌「ニューズウィーク」は、「習近平の米国転覆計画 中国脅威の根拠600件( Xi's Secret Plan to Subvert America 600 reasons to worry about china )」という題の記事を掲載した。同記事は中共の計画的な米国への浸透とその目的を分析する長編の調査報道である。同調査報道は4ヶ月を経てアナリスト、政府幹部、米中問題専門家の20数人をインタビューした。同報道によると、米国にある中共の600の団体が絶えず米連邦、州などの地方で各ルートを通して人間関係を築き、北京の政治、経済、野心に有利に働くよう活動しているようである。また米国への影響と干渉の計画を着実に実効できるよう中共は習近平のいわゆる「宝( magic weapon )」、つまり「統一戦線( United Front )」系統を活用し、中央が直接指揮していることがわかった。さらに同報道によると、全米で約600の組織が中共の「統一戦線」と繋がっている。その中に少なくとも中国同郷会83社、中国支援センター10カ所、商会32社、中国系メディア13社、中国と台湾の「平和統一」を宣伝する組織38社、友好協会5社、教育と文化などの類団体129社が含まれている。このほか在米華人専門家協会70社中の約半分が「統一戦線」と繋がっている。米国にある265社の中国留学生、学者連合会も中共領事館、教育事務官などの外交官を通して中共政治と関わりを持っているようである。同報道は専門家の警告を引用し、「中共の目的は米国人の中国(中共)への肯定意識を徐々に培い、内部から米国を転覆、変えようとしている」と、人々に注意を呼びかけた。
≪ NEWSWEEK MAGAZINE ≫Fri, Oct 30, 2020
China's Magic Weapon
To help carry out its program of influence and interference in the U.S., China relies on what Xi calls the country's "magic weapon:" the party's "United Front" system led by a Communist Party division called the United Front Work Department.
This is "a network of party and state agencies responsible for influencing groups outside the party," both inside and outside China, as Alex Joske, a researcher on Chinese politics at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, has written. Traditionally, outside China, the United Front has focused on overseas Chinese communities, appealing to their sense of ethnic loyalty to persuade them to "repay the motherland." Personal benefit is often involved, with the system offering business opportunities in exchange for good will and cooperation.
Groups that are part of the system often have innocuous-sounding names, like the Chinese Overseas Exchange Association. Running parallel to the United Front is the Chinese government's global network of "friendship associations," under the foreign ministry. The U.S. organizations with which these groups cultivate ties may have no idea of their CPC affiliation. Pompeo, for instance, pointed out that the Governors Association had co-sponsored a U.S.-China "Collaboration Summit" with a group called the Chinese People's Association for Friendship and Foreign Countries, which is, indirectly, tied to the United Front system. He asked the gathering, "How many of you made the link between that group and Chinese Communist Party officials?"
"The United Front is part of China's foreign policy, part of China's intelligence apparatus and runs interference," says Anne-Marie Brady, a professor of Chinese politics at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand. Tasks that it may be charged with include everything from making "friends" to outright espionage.
The Chinese government has frequently denied the Front's role in overseas influence and interference operations. Yet it allocates a large amount of money to its work, indicating it is a priority. The budget of the United Front system, both at home and abroad, was more than $2.6 billion in 2019, Ryan Fedasiuk of Georgetown University's Center for Security and Emerging Technology says. Nearly $600 million of that was earmarked for work aimed at overseas Chinese communities and foreigners, Fedasiuk calculates. The total budget outstripped the Chinese Foreign Ministry's, he found.
The United Front in Action
A three-day summit that took place in mid-October at the China Institute, a New York City non-profit, provides a classic example of how the United Front works. The event, titled "Finding Success in an Age of Crisis," promised to help participants figure out how to "achieve success in the face of strained U.S.-China relations and a volatile world."
The event featured an illustrious line-up of panelists from U.S. business, academia, technology, media, diplomacy and politics, including Rick Snyder, former governor of Michigan, and Stapleton J. Roy, a founder of the Wilson Center's Kissinger Institute. Yet what participants likely didn't know: Three of the four "knowledge partners" are directly or indirectly part of the United Front.
The Beijing-based Center for China & Globalization, a think tank, is one of them. The organization was co-founded by Wang Huiyao, who is also a deputy chairman of the Western Returned Students Association, a United Front Work Department group, according to Joske, who has documented Wang's multiple connections to the United Front. The other were the China General Chamber of Commerce USA and the China General Chamber of Commerce USA Chicago, both among the 600 or so American groups Newsweek has linked to the CPC system.
Asked for comment, the China Institute replied that it "chose to engage with these organizations because of their large memberships and connection to the issues and topics that are a priority today. We wanted to ensure they were engaged in the conversation." In an emailed statement, the China General Chamber of Commerce–USA denied it was linked to the United Front system, saying it was "a non-profit and non-governmental organization representing Chinese enterprises in the U.S.," with a mission "to create value, generate economic growth, and enhance cooperation between the U.S. and Chinese business communities."
Importantly, members of the various groups identified by Newsweek, most of them ethnic Chinese, may not be aware of the organization's ties to the China party-state. Individuals may join for a sense of community or a business opportunity. Despite that, the groups may compete to be close to the Chinese embassy and its consulates hoping to gain status and favors, says Yaqiu Wang, an analyst for Human Rights Watch in New York City. China's diplomatic system, in turn, connects through them to local Chinese-language communities.
Some groups assist in technology transfer—acquiring technology developed by U.S. companies for use by Chinese companies—a crucial goal of the party's influencing and interfering. The system also permeates the Chinese-language media in the U.S, shaping the information environment.
Newsweek has identified the following types of organizations as affiliated with the United Front throughout the U.S.: at least 83 Chinese hometown associations for immigrants from the same place in China; 10 "Chinese Aid Centers;" 32 Chambers of Commerce; 13 Chinese-language media brands; about half of the 70 associations for Chinese professionals in the U.S.; 38 organizations promoting the "peaceful reunification" of China and Taiwan; five "friendship organizations" and 129 other groups engaged in a range of activities such as education and culture. In addition, there are 265 Chinese Student and Scholar Associations for the approximately 300,000 Chinese students in the U.S. These are connected to CPC politics, often via Chinese diplomats, usually the education secretary in a consulate.
The groups were identified by evaluating crossover membership, regular joint activities, events indicating ideological alignment, high-level meetings that can only be obtained by being part of a CPC-trusted system and by crosschecking names, positions and cooperative events described in hundreds of Chinese-language government and party documents and Chinese state media reports as well as reports by the groups themselves. The level of influence and interference activity ranges from simple efforts to promote a positive view of China to outright espionage.
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